What is the primary function of underpinning in construction?

The primary function of underpinning in construction is to stabilize an existing foundation. This technique is utilized when the current foundation has settled or has weaknesses that could lead to structural issues. Underpinning involves extending the depth or breadth of the foundation to reach more stable soil layers or to increase its load-bearing capacity. This process helps prevent further settling and ensures the long-term stability and safety of the structure.

While providing temporary support, facilitating drainage, or creating new forms are important aspects in various construction scenarios, they do not represent the core objective of underpinning. Underpinning specifically targets the improvement and reinforcement of existing foundation structures, making it essential for addressing foundation-related problems.