Is a Shell type Cast-In-Place pile made using steel and concrete true or false?

A Shell type Cast-In-Place pile is indeed made using both steel and concrete. In this context, "shell" refers to a tube-like structure that is typically lined with steel, which serves as the formwork and reinforcement for the concrete that will be poured inside. This construction method allows for strong, durable piles that can support substantial loads in various soil conditions.

The use of steel in the shell provides tensile strength and stability, while the concrete forms the bulk of the pile, providing compressive strength. This combination enhances the overall performance of the pile, making it effective for deep foundation systems. In addition, this method is particularly useful in applications where environmental conditions or soil characteristics necessitate the use of such composite materials for durability and strength.